Silent Signs: What Every Woman Should Know About Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is often called a “silent cancer” because it can develop for years without obvious symptoms. In South Africa, it is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women aged 15 to 44, making awareness and early detection critical.

The majority of cases are linked to persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), a virus spread through sexual contact. While many HPV infections clear naturally, some linger and cause changes to cervical cells that can lead to cancer.

Why Screening Matters

Even women who are not sexually active should still undergo screening. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), all women over 30 who haven’t had a hysterectomy should have regular cervical health checks.

“Early detection is key,” says Tyron Hansen, Business Development Manager at BioSmart. “It gives women the best chance for successful treatment and long-term remission.”

Four Silent Signs to Watch For

Cervical cancer doesn’t always announce itself loudly, but subtle symptoms may signal early changes. Keep an eye out for:

1. Unusual vaginal bleeding – spotting between periods, after sex, or after menopause.
2. Pelvic pain – discomfort not linked to your menstrual cycle.
3. Pain during sex – new or persistent pain may be a red flag.
4. Unusual vaginal discharge – watery, bloody, or foul-smelling changes.

If these symptoms progress, advanced signs may include persistent back or abdominal pain, swollen legs, fatigue, or sudden weight loss.

Breaking the Screening Barrier

Many women avoid screening due to discomfort, embarrassment, or uncertainty. Yet, it remains the most effective way to detect precancerous changes.

To make screening more accessible, BioSmart developed an at-home HPV self-sampling test. Women can order the kit online, collect a sample privately, and receive results by email within days. The WHO confirms self-collection is as reliable as clinical samples, removing a major barrier to testing.

Taking Charge of Your Health

“Cervical cancer might be quiet, but that doesn’t mean we have to be,” Hansen says. “Every test is a step towards prevention, and our goal is to make the process as accessible as possible.”

By recognising the signs, prioritising screening, and embracing new testing options, South African women can take control of their health — and turn the tide against this silent killer.